01 / THE IDEA
What does it mean?
Explain why the screen is empty and offer a next step that fits the situation. A first-time project can offer a way to add an item. A search with no results can offer a way to clear filters.
02 / IN PRACTICE
Make it concrete.
Illustrative example: An empty project board shows “Add your first idea” with one clear action.
03 / WHAT TO WATCH FOR
A common mistake.
Using decorative illustrations while hiding the actual next step.
04 / WHEN IT HELPS
When should you use it?
When a page has no data for first-time users or after filtering.
05 / FURTHER READING
Explore the source.
Nielsen Norman Group — Empty States ↗A reference for further learning, not an endorsement or verbatim quotation.